QuestionName and write formulas for binary hydrogen compounds of Li to F. How do their properties change across the period?
Studdy Solution
STEP 1
Assumptions1. The second period elements are Lithium (Li), Beryllium (Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), Nitrogen (), Oxygen (), and Fluorine ().
. Binary hydrogen compounds are compounds that contain only two elements, one of which is hydrogen.
3. The binary hydrogen compounds are formed by the combination of hydrogen with each of the second period elements.
STEP 2
We can write the formulas for the binary hydrogen compounds of the second-period elements by combining each element with hydrogen.The general formula for binary hydrogen compounds is , where represents the element and n is the number of hydrogen atoms that can combine with the element.
STEP 3
The binary hydrogen compound of Lithium (Li) is Lithium hydride (LiH).
STEP 4
The binary hydrogen compound of Beryllium (Be) is Beryllium hydride (BeH2).
STEP 5
The binary hydrogen compound of Boron (B) is Borane (BH3).
STEP 6
The binary hydrogen compound of Carbon (C) is Methane (CH4).
STEP 7
The binary hydrogen compound of Nitrogen () is Ammonia (NH3).
STEP 8
The binary hydrogen compound of Oxygen () is Water (H2).
STEP 9
The binary hydrogen compound of Fluorine () is Hydrogen fluoride (HF).
STEP 10
Now, let's describe how the physical and chemical properties of these compounds change from left to right across the period.
STEP 11
Physical properties such as melting and boiling points generally increase from left to right across the period. This is because the strength of the intermolecular forces (like hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces) generally increases from left to right.
STEP 12
Chemical properties such as reactivity and acidity also change across the period. For example, LiH and BeH2 are basic, while H2 and HF are acidic. This is due to the increasing electronegativity of the elements from left to right.
STEP 13
In terms of reactivity, compounds on the left (like LiH and BeH2) are more reactive than those on the right (like H2 and HF). This is because elements on the left have one or two valence electrons that they can easily lose, while elements on the right have more valence electrons and are closer to having a complete octet, making them less reactive.
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